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Bringing Capital Down to Earth

We are pleased to share the latest edition of our Quarterly Overview, Private Equity Market & Investment Insight, which provides you with updates and analysis on current private equity market trends, as well as information regarding investment activity within Sagard Private Equity's programmes.

For qualified institutional buyers, accredited, professional and institutional investors only. Not for use by retail clients.
Sagard PE Activity · End Q2 2026
Global Market Data · Q2 2026
2,650
Portfolio Companies Monitored
215 / 199
Exits / New Companies (LTM)
$352B
Global PE Deal Value
▲ +55% YoY
$204B
Global PE Exit Value
▲ +94% YoY
Marketing Communication

The Quarter at a Glance

Our Activity

Our investment and exit activity continued at a strong pace last quarter. Highlights include the exit of Frontier Waste Solutions and a primary commitment to Atlas Health I. We also closed a continuation-vehicle investment in All Inclusive Fitness alongside Nord Holdings, and in June completed a direct investment in Swixx BioPharma alongside SK Capital. Further information on our transactions in Q2 2026 can be found below.

Market: Momentum With Selectivity

Private equity markets strengthened materially in Q2 2026. Global deal value surged +55% YoY to $352B, and exit value rose +94% to $204B, the strongest exit quarter since 2021. North America captured ~68% of deal value, while European activity held steady at $70.8B. Valuation multiples remain elevated in large-cap transactions (mid-teens EV/EBITDA), though mid-market assets are pricing more attractively. Fundraising timelines have stretched across strategies, reinforcing the divergence between the established large-cap managers and the broader market. The number of deals declined 16%, pointing to large deal concentration rather than broad expansion.

Top Market Trends This Quarter

  1. 1
    Wealth-channel growth faces its first real liquidity stress test. Semi-liquid evergreen vehicles faced a surge in redemption requests in Q2, prompting several large managers to cap or gate withdrawals. As private markets continue to expand into the wealth channel, these events exposed the gap between product design and investor liquidity expectations. Managers will need to demonstrate credible liquidity frameworks to sustain growth in this channel at scale.
    At Sagard, we believe evergreen vehicles are an attractive access option for private market investors with a longer-term investment horizon who appreciate the operational advantages of a semi-liquid structure. We observe that investors must be aware of the illiquid nature of private equity portfolios and their liquidity expectations must match the cash flow profile of the underlying investments. Managers should build portfolios with investments that have multiple exit routes and can produce target returns within shorter holding periods. Read our latest market insight: 'Understanding the Semi-Liquid Revolution'.
  2. 2
    Secondaries matures into a core strategy while drawing regulatory attention.
    We believe GP-led continuation vehicles (CV) remain a powerful tool in the mid-market when used with discipline — extending value creation in portfolio companies while offering LPs a genuine liquidity option. The governance scrutiny now emerging is, in our view, healthy.

    Our evaluation of any CV rests on four questions: Is there a real value creation inflection ahead? Is there a genuine liquidity need for existing investors? Is a CV the most appropriate structure? And are the economic terms fair? Where those conditions are met, we see strong alignment. Where these conditions are absent—and record secondary fundraising creates deployment pressure that can result in transactions being engineered rather than fundamentally earned—we choose not to proceed. That discipline is intended to support prudent risk management and long-term investment resilience.
    GP-led continuation vehicles and secondary firm consolidation continued at pace, crossing new AUM milestones across the industry. At the same time, regulators and LP bodies flagged conflicts of interest in GP-led structures, putting governance and fee transparency under sharper scrutiny.
  3. 3
    AI and defence emerge as Q2's twin capital magnets. Large-scale AI infrastructure commitments and a growing VC wave into defence technology dominated the quarter's headline deals. Two distinct themes — AI scale and defence rearmament — attracted the largest capital commitments of the period, with geopolitical risk acting as an additional tailwind.
    In our view, the capital flowing into AI infrastructure and defence technology reflects genuine long-cycle shifts — and we find both themes compelling. Our mid-market lens, however, leads us to engage selectively.
    On AI, frontier infrastructure valuations and rapid technology change push us towards the enabling layer — picks-and-shovels businesses — where growth is structural and entry valuations remain disciplined.
    On defence, ethics and LP mandate constraints matter. The fund targets founder-led businesses and operational carve-outs in the mid-market, applying deep sector specialization to drive value creation across its portfolio. Note: Performance is hypothetical, not actual. The strategy’s hypothetical performance is based on certain assumptions and models, which may not materialize. This carries material risks and limitations. It is relevant to the current strategy, intending to give a broad sense of our investment focus.
    In both themes, we believe the best mid-market opportunities sit one step removed from the headline capital flows — less crowded, better priced, better aligned.

Q&A Feature · Private Equity's New Orbit

Mark Zünd on why the central question has shifted from how much capital can be deployed, to how it comes back to Earth — and what that means for portfolio construction, exits, and LP expectations in today's environment.

Q&A Feature · Germany's Private Equity Moment

Kim Pochon on why Germany's visible structural pressures are creating compelling entry points for disciplined investors — and why the market's complexity is precisely what generates alpha for those with deep local expertise.

For qualified institutional buyers, accredited, professional and institutional investors only. Not for use by retail clients.
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Overview of Our Transactions

Our investment and exit activity continued at a strong pace last quarter. Highlights include the exit of Frontier Waste Solutions and a primary commitment to Atlas Health I. We also closed a continuation-vehicle investment in All Inclusive Fitness alongside Nord Holdings, and in June completed a direct investment in Swixx BioPharma alongside SK Capital.

Primary – Emerging Manager
Atlas Health I
Healthcare

Primary commitment to Atlas Health I, a fund managed by an emerging manager focused on healthcare services and life sciences. The fund applies a value-based care model to primary care networks, aiming to improve patient outcomes while seeking to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns.

Secondary – Continuation Vehicle
All Inclusive Fitness
Consumer / Leisure

Investment in a GP-led continuation vehicle alongside Nord Holdings. All Inclusive Fitness is a leading pan-European fitness operator with a differentiated value-format model. The continuation structure enables the GP to extend its hold period while offering existing LPs a liquidity option and new investors an entry at a defined valuation.

Co-investment
Swixx BioPharma
Healthcare / Pharma

Direct co-investment in Swixx BioPharma alongside SK Capital Partners. Swixx is a prominent specialty pharmaceutical company operating across Central and Eastern Europe, with an established commercial infrastructure and a robust portfolio of branded and generic medicines. The investment supports further regional expansion and product portfolio development.

Co-investment
Frontier Waste Solutions
Environmental Services

Frontier Waste Solutions is a leading provider of environmental and waste management services in the U.S. mid-market, serving industrial, commercial and municipal customers across multiple states with a focus on non-hazardous solid waste collection and processing.

✓ EXIT — Realised Q2 2026
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Marketing Communication

Private equity markets strengthened in Q2 2026, with deal value rising +55% YoY to $352B and exit value surging +94% to $204B. North America led activity, capturing ~68% of global deal value. Despite the volume improvement, selectivity and quality differentiation remain the defining features of the current environment.

Market Statistics — Valuations, Deals, VC & Exits

Valuations
10.0×

Market Valuation Dynamics

Valuations diverged sharply by segment. European mid-market multiples rose to 10.0× EBITDA in Q1 2026 (from 8.7× in Q4 2025) as sponsors re-engaged after an extended pause. Global large-cap multiples hit a record 18.1× in 2025 (up from 15.9×), driven by competition for quality assets. Market appetite then slowed in H1 2026 — amid software valuation corrections, private credit stress and geopolitical shocks — suggesting elevated multiples reflect a narrowing premium-asset pool, not a broad re-rating.

Global Large-Cap 2025 ² 18.1×
European Mid-Market Q1 2026 ¹ 10.0×
European Mid-Market Q4 2025 ¹ 8.7×

¹ Argos Index Q1 2026  |  ² McKinsey, Global Private Markets Report 2026

Deal Activity
2,099 deals

Global Deal Activity

Global deal activity fell in Q2 2026, with 2,099 deals globally compared to 2,488 in Q2 2025. However, deal value rose to USD 352.0B, 55% higher than USD 227.1B in Q2 2025. North America led with 1,054 deals valued at USD 238.4B, up 89% YoY. Europe saw 653 deals at USD 70.8B (+60% YoY), while Asia-Pacific recorded 330 deals at USD 24.1B (−58% YoY by value).

North America 68%
Europe 20%
Asia-Pacific 7%
Exit Activity
$204B

Exit Flow

Aggregate exit value rose strongly from $105.2B to $204.4B (+94% YoY). However, the number of exits marginally declined in Q2, with 496 exits, down from 517 in Q2 2025. Trade sales continued to be the more favourable exit route during the quarter, followed by secondary buyouts. Twenty-six IPOs were undertaken during Q2 2026.

Trade Sales 56%
Secondary Buyouts 34%
IPOs (26) 5%
Venture Capital
$92B

VC Deals

Q2 2026 saw 377 VC exits globally ($224.3B), up 227% by value YoY from Q2 2025 ($68.6B, 339 deals). Trade sales dominated the exit landscape across the VC market, reflecting corporate acquirers' continued appetite for technology and healthcare assets. Secondary buyouts of VC-backed companies rose materially.

Trade Sales 64%
Secondary Buyout 33%
IPO 5%
Secondaries
$115B

Secondary Market Volume — 1H 2026

1H 2026 secondary market volume rose 10% year-on-year to $115B (from $105B in 1H 2025), driven by $60B (52%) of LP portfolio sales alongside $55B in GP-led activity, up from $47B, as large and mid-cap GPs increasingly turn to secondaries as an alternative liquidity source for their LPs.

LP-Led  52% GP-Led  48%
$60B
LP portfolio sales
$55B
GP-led activity
Sources: Preqin, Q2 2026; McKinsey, Global Private Markets Report 2026; Argos Index Q1 2026; Bain, Private Equity Midyear Report 2026.
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Deal Value by Sector — Global Q2 2026

Sector dynamics in Q2 2026 reflect the convergence of three macro forces: AI-driven infrastructure demand, geopolitical realignment accelerating defence investment, and the energy transition providing a sustained deployment backdrop.

Energy & Utilities
$77.9B
Industrials
$49.4B
Healthcare
$30.4B
Telecoms & Media
$28.6B
Business Services
$21.9B
Raw Materials
$19.8B
IT & Software
$17.4B
Consumer
$14.8B
Financial Services
$14.2B
Real Estate
$3.1B
Source: Preqin · Q2 2026 · Global deal value by sector
Energy & Utilities — Dominant

Energy and utilities led global deal value at $77.9B, driven by large infrastructure transactions and the continued buildout of power generation and grid assets tied to AI data-centre demand and the energy transition.

Industrials — Structurally Strong

Industrials activity reached $49.4B globally, supported by defence-related manufacturing and reshoring themes. European industrials remained a key contributor despite broader regional caution.

Healthcare — Resilient Across Segments

Healthcare deal value reached $30.4B, with activity distributed across healthcare services, medtech and life sciences. North America dominated at $24.4B, representing 80% of global healthcare deal value. Structural demand drivers — ageing populations and pharma innovation — continue to attract capital.

For qualified institutional buyers, accredited, professional and institutional investors only. Not for use by retail clients.

Private Equity's New Orbit: Why Re-Entry Matters More Than Launch

Four years after the sharp reset in interest rates, the industry's central question has shifted from "how much can be deployed?" to "how does capital come back to Earth?" Mark Zünd on navigating private equity's new regime.

MISSION BRIEFING · A NEW ORBITAL REGIME RE-ENTRY Capital safely back to Earth LAUNCH “Success is not created at launch — it is engineered through mission design, mid-course correction and a safe re-entry.” Mark Zund · Sagard PE Solutions
Private equity's new orbital regime — targeting the right orbit and bringing capital safely back to Earth.

Key Takeaways

Private equity has not entered a pause; it has entered a new regime. Higher financing costs, longer hold periods and selective exits are now structural features, not temporary turbulence.

  • Liquidity is the defining test. With distributions under pressure, DPI discipline and proactive portfolio management matter more than headline TVPI.
  • We believe the small and mid-market continues to offer attractive investment opportunities: lower entry multiples, stronger growth and broader exit routes continue to support alpha potential.
  • AI is both propulsion and collision risk. It must be assessed across new deals and existing portfolios, not treated as a thematic overlay.
Has private equity simply paused, waiting to return to its zero-rate trajectory?

It will not. The laws of physics have not changed, but the gravitational field has. Private equity has reached escape velocity — roughly $7 trillion is now in orbit — and the question has shifted from "how much can be deployed?" to "how does capital come back to Earth?" This is not a cyclical liquidity slowdown. Financing costs remain far above the zero-rate era, uncertainty has lengthened transaction processes, and exits require a more deliberate path. In 2021, a high-quality software business could be financed, grown and sold with few questions asked. Today, geopolitics, tariffs, regulation, FX volatility and AI disruption can all appear like weather systems over a launchpad. Deals that once took weeks can now take months.

If entry discipline is no longer enough, what defines success now?

Success is not created at launch; it is engineered through mission design, mid-course correction and safe re-entry. That means managers must have a clear value creation plan, credible exit routes, and the willingness to use secondary markets proactively when they can accelerate DPI. Entry discipline still matters — but on its own it no longer wins.

Why is the small and mid-market the orbit you favour?

Compared with large-cap private equity, smaller companies may often provide attractive entry valuations and the potential for organic growth, as well as a variety of exit options. However, these opportunities still come with risks, including market volatility and operational challenges that need careful consideration. Our conviction is grounded in more than theory: our portfolio management strategy focuses on mid-market leaders and active portfolio management, aiming to optimize capital distribution.

How should investors weigh AI in this new orbit?

AI can be a powerful propulsion system — improving operations, strengthening fraud prevention, opening new product opportunities and accelerating decisions. But it can also create collision risk, particularly for software and technology-enabled businesses whose moats may be redefined during a typical holding period. AI must therefore be evaluated across every stage of the investment process, from underwriting to value creation to exit readiness. The winners will not simply be those who raise the largest funds or deploy the fastest. They will be those who target the right orbit, manage fuel efficiently, and bring capital safely back to Earth.

Mark Zünd
Mark Zünd
LinkedIn
Managing Partner
Sagard Private Equity
Related Themes
Liquidity & DPI discipline
Secondaries as a proactive tool
The small & mid-market orbit
AI: propulsion vs. collision risk
Next in the Series
Q3 2026: AI in Private Equity — Opportunities and Challenges for LPs
Contributor: Mark Zünd
Marketing Communication
Kim Pochon
Kim Pochon
LinkedIn
Head of Primary Investments
Sagard Private Equity
German PE Primary Investments DACH

Germany's Private Equity Moment: Turning Complexity into Compounding Opportunity

Key Takeaways

Germany remains one of Europe's deepest private equity markets, and current macro and industrial pressures are creating entry points for disciplined investors.

  • More than 500 GPs, 6,500+ portfolio companies and 1.6 million employees across PE-backed businesses.
  • The opportunity set is broad across buyout, growth and venture, with a healthy pipeline of established and emerging DACH managers.
  • Germany should be viewed less as a cyclical trade and more as a long-term structural allocation.
The Challenges
  • High energy prices
  • Export pressure (U.S. & China)
  • Bureaucracy & high taxes
  • Strained public finances
  • Underfunded infrastructure
  • Demographic decline
Complexity creates alpha
The Strengths
  • Deep engineering expertise
  • Skilled, well-educated workforce
  • Clusters: Silicon Saxony, Isar Valley
  • Rule of law & stable institutions
  • Large EU-centre consumer market
  • Infrastructure-fund spillovers

Source: Sagard · Quarterly Private Equity Overview & Insights

500+
GPs active in Germany
6,500+
PE-backed portfolio companies
1.6M
Employees at portfolio companies
€320bn
Portfolio-company revenue
Source: BVK, April 2026.
Germany faces a long list of real headwinds. Why does it deserve renewed attention now?

Germany is rarely described as an easy market — and today that is precisely why it deserves renewed attention. The country faces a familiar list of challenges: deindustrialization pressures, elevated energy costs, weaker export dynamics with the U.S. and China, bureaucracy and labor-cost burdens, infrastructure underinvestment and demographic decline. These headwinds are material; they affect margins, capex, hiring and strategic confidence. Yet In our view, Germany’s growing market complexity may create greater dispersion and potential investment opportunities, alongside heightened risks.²


What sits beneath the macro debate?

One of Europe's most attractive pools of privately owned companies: global market leaders among SMEs, deep engineering expertise, strong sector clusters such as Silicon Saxony and Isar Valley, a well-educated workforce, and a large consumer market at the centre of the EU single market. The rule of law, institutional stability and democratic framework remain essential advantages for long-duration capital. The government's infrastructure agenda may also create positive spillovers for productivity, logistics, digitization and industrial renewal.


How deep is the ecosystem, and is activity holding up?

It is a broad, institutional-quality ecosystem with depth across buyout, growth and venture — not a niche market. Investment volumes have remained comparatively stable across 2018–2025, while the exit environment has been more muted. That muted exit backdrop creates potential pent-up realization activity as conditions normalize: for investors with a multi-year horizon, today's slower exit market may provide attractive entry points into high-quality funds and companies before liquidity windows reopen.


How should global institutions position?

The DACH fund landscape is diverse — spanning closed, raising and expected funds from 2026 onward across small-cap, mid-market, growth, healthcare, technology and specialist strategies. Germany is not a single-style market; it offers the ability to build diversified exposure across established franchises, sector specialists and emerging platforms. Its appeal lies in the combination of pressure and quality: operational challenges are forcing companies to professionalize, digitize, internationalize and improve productivity, and private equity is well suited to support that transition. Germany should not be dismissed because its challenges are visible — it should be examined because its strengths are durable.

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Marketing Communication

Find Us on the Ground — Q3 2026

Our team will be present at the key industry forums and investor conferences this summer and fall. We look forward to connecting with GPs, LPs, and allocators across Europe and North America.

IPEM Global Paris
Sep 16, 2026
Düsseldorf, Germany
Hosting

Join Mark Zünd and Philipp Scheier at our Düsseldorf office for exclusive insights into the current private equity market — covering the latest developments, opportunities, and risks, plus a deep dive into "Mid-Life Opportunities" and whether they can deliver faster distributions at lower risk. Followed by drinks and networking. 4:00–8:00 p.m., Poststraße 7, Düsseldorf.

Sep 17, 2026
Sagard Private Equity AGM (North America)
Virtual
Hosting

Annual General Meeting covering our Performance Direct Investment Funds, Performance Venture Capital Funds and Sagard Global Direct VI. Join us on Thursday 17 September from 10AM to 12PM EST for portfolio updates, performance reviews and the investment outlook. The event will be held virtually.
Invitations only.

Sep 23, 2026
Zurich, Switzerland
Hosting

Join Mark Zünd, Philipp Scheier and Alexandre Falin at the Zunfthaus zur Waag for an in-depth discussion on private equity market opportunities, "Mid-Life Opportunities" — faster cash returns and lower risk? — and Evergreen Strategies. 10:30 a.m.–2:00 p.m. CET, with lunch served throughout. Münsterhof 8, Zürich.

Oct 29, 2026
Virtual
Hosting

Jeff Reals and PJ Frederix, Co-Heads of Direct Investments, join Paul Newsome, Head of Investment Solutions, to explore why mid-life transactions have shifted from a niche tool to a core feature of private equity portfolio management — and why mid-life capital may become one of the most exciting growth trends in the asset class.

Reach out to us: clientservice@sagard.com

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Marketing Communication

Events & Conferences — Q2 2026 Recap

Over the second quarter our team was active across the global private-markets calendar — sponsoring and attending events across Europe and North America. The footprint spanned 14 cities and 10 countries, reflecting Sagard Private Equity's global presence.

18
Hosted/Participated Events & Conferences
10
Countries
SuperReturn International, Berlin
SuperReturn International, Berlin
Drinks & networking, SuperReturn
Drinks & networking, SuperReturn
Sagard booth, BAI AIC, Frankfurt
Sagard booth, BAI AIC, Frankfurt
Emerging Manager Webinar
Sagard Emerging Manager Webinar
Events shown in red were hosted by Sagard.
Event Country City When
Sagard Emerging Manager WebinarVirtual03 Jun 2026
Sagard Networking Drinks - SuperReturn InternationalGermanyBerlin10 Jun 2026
Sagard AGMCanadaMontreal15–16 Jun 2026
Sagard Private Equity AGM (Unigestion)SwitzerlandZurich24–25 Jun 2026
McGuireWoods Emerging Manager ConferenceUSADallas14 Apr 2026
BAI AIC 2026GermanyFrankfurt27 Apr 2026
Finance ForumLiechtensteinLiechtenstein29 Apr 2026
PEI Network New York ForumUSANew York29 Apr 2026
Milken Institute Global ConferenceUSALos Angeles03 May 2026
Alts x Alts ConferenceCanadaCalgary06 May 2026
PEI Insights ItalyItalyMilan06 May 2026
Impact Investor Global SummitUKLondon13 May 2026
VII Suma SummitSpainBarcelona20 May 2026
Zwei Wealth Office Conference 2026SwitzerlandZurich03 Jun 2026
Zwei Wealth Office Conference 2026SwitzerlandGeneva04 Jun 2026
SuperReturn InternationalGermanyBerlin08–12 Jun 2026
CNCGP Midsommar du PatrimoineFranceParis16 Jun 2026
FundForum InternationalMonacoMonaco22 Jun 2026
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To the extent any Sagard Manager that is not registered with the SEC engages in marketing activities directed at U.S. investors, such activities are conducted in accordance with the regulations. This document is intended only for institutional investors and is not adapted for retail clients.

THE EUROPEAN UNION — Unigestion and BEX

This document is disseminated in the European Union by Unigestion Asset Management (France) SA, which is authorised and regulated by the French Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF), and by BEX, which is registered as an AIFM with the AMF. It is intended only for "professional clients" and "eligible counterparties" as defined in MiFID II and has not been adapted for retail clients.

Eligible investors: "professional clients" and "eligible counterparties" as defined in MiFID II (Directive 2014/65/EU); not available to retail clients.

Data protection: Personal data of recipients will be processed by the disseminating entity as controller in accordance with applicable data protection law (including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) and, in the United Kingdom, the UK GDPR and Data Protection Act 2018) for the purposes of providing information about the funds and managing the relationship with the recipient. Further information is available in the disseminating entity's privacy notice.

Sustainability-related disclosures (SFDR): Where a fund is subject to Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 (SFDR), this document is a marketing communication and does not contradict the information contained in the fund's pre-contractual and website sustainability-related disclosures. Any reference to environmental or social characteristics (including any Article 8 classification) is qualified in its entirety by those disclosures, and no sustainability claim should be construed in a manner inconsistent with them.

Marketing communication: This document is a marketing communication. Information on risks and rewards is presented with equal prominence, and recipients should refer to the fund's offering documents before making any investment decision.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM INVESTORS — Unigestion Only

This document is disseminated in the United Kingdom by Sagard UK Management Ltd.., an Appointed Representative of Unigestion (UK) Ltd, which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). It is intended only for professional clients and eligible counterparties and has not been adapted for retail clients.

Eligible investors: "professional clients" and "eligible counterparties" as defined in the FCA Handbook (implementing MiFID II); not available to retail clients.

Data protection: Personal data of recipients will be processed by the disseminating entity as controller in accordance with applicable data protection law (including the EU General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) and, in the United Kingdom, the UK GDPR and Data Protection Act 2018) for the purposes of providing information about the funds and managing the relationship with the recipient. Further information is available in the disseminating entity's privacy notice.

FOR SWITZERLAND INVESTORS — Unigestion Only

This document is disseminated in Switzerland by Unigestion SA, which is authorised and regulated by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) to operate as a fund manager and representative of foreign collective investment schemes; it is intended for qualified investors only. The legal documents and the latest annual and semi-annual financial reports (if any) of any applicable fund may be obtained free of charge from the Swiss representative. In the context of any offer and marketing in Switzerland, the place of performance is at the registered office of the Swiss representative, and the place of jurisdiction is at the registered office of the Swiss representative or at the seat or domicile of the investor. Swiss representative: Unigestion SA, 8C avenue de Champel, CP 387, CH-1211 Genève 12, Switzerland. Paying agent: NPB Neu Private Bank AG, Limmatquai, am Bellevue 1, 8001 Zürich, Switzerland.

Eligible investors: "qualified investors" within the meaning of the Swiss Collective Investment Schemes Act (CISA).

FOR SWITZERLAND INVESTORS — PEM Only Funds

The shares [or units] of the Fund shall be offered or advertised in Switzerland exclusively to qualified investors as defined by Article 10 of the Collective Investment Schemes Act, as amended from time to time ("CISA") ("Qualified Investors"). The Fund has not been approved by the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority ("FINMA") for offering in Switzerland to non-qualified investors.

The Fund has appointed as Swiss Representative Waystone Fund Services (Switzerland) SA, Av. Villamont 17, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland, Tel: +41 21 311 17 77, switzerland@waystone.com. The Fund's paying agent is Helvetische Bank AG. Any Fund Documentation may be obtained free of charge from the Swiss Representative in Lausanne. In respect of the Shares distributed in or from Switzerland, the place of performance and jurisdiction is at the registered office of the Swiss Representative.

FOR CANADA INVESTORS

This Presentation is being provided to you for informational purposes only and is not, and under no circumstances should be construed as, an advertisement, offering or solicitation for purchasers of securities in Canada. Investments in any securities referenced in this Presentation may only be made through a dealer that is registered, or exempt from registration, as a dealer in your jurisdiction of residence, pursuant to applicable Canadian private placement offering documents. No securities commission or similar authority in Canada has reviewed this material or has in any way passed upon the merits of any securities referenced in this material and any representation to the contrary is an offence. The information contained herein is intended solely for "accredited investors" within the meaning of applicable securities legislation.

Sagard Holdings Manager (Canada) Inc. is registered as an exempt market dealer in the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. It will act as the dealer in respect of purchases of interests in certain funds advised by the Company in the Canadian provinces in which it is registered. The Ontario Securities Commission is the principal regulator of Sagard Holdings Manager (Canada) Inc.

FOR ARGENTINA INVESTORS, BRAZIL INVESTORS, AND MEXICO INVESTORS

This presentation and the information contained herein does not constitute and is not intended to constitute an offer of securities and accordingly should not be construed as such. The Fund and any other products or services referenced in this presentation may not be licensed in all jurisdictions, and unless otherwise indicated, no regulator or government authority has reviewed this document or the merits of the products and services referenced herein. This presentation and the information contained herein has been made available in accordance with the restrictions and/or limitations implemented by any applicable laws and regulations. This presentation is directed at and intended for institutional investors (as such term is defined in each jurisdiction in which the Fund is marketed). This presentation is provided on a confidential basis for informational purposes only and may not be reproduced in any form. Before acting on any information in this presentation, prospective investors should inform themselves of and observe all applicable laws, rules and regulations of any relevant jurisdictions and obtain independent advice if required. This presentation is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given, forwarded or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof).

FOR CHILE INVESTORS

This Presentation and the information contained herein does not constitute and is not intended to constitute an offer of securities and accordingly should not be construed as such. The Fund and any other products or services referenced in this Presentation may not be licensed in all jurisdictions, and unless otherwise indicated, no regulator or government authority has reviewed this document or the merits of the products and services referenced herein. This Presentation and the information contained herein has been made available in accordance with the restrictions and/or limitations implemented by any applicable laws and regulations. This Presentation is directed at and intended for institutional investors (as such term is defined in each jurisdiction in which the Fund is marketed).

This Presentation is provided on a confidential basis for informational purposes only and may not be reproduced in any form. Before acting on any information in this Presentation, prospective investors should inform themselves of and observe all applicable laws, rules and regulations of any relevant jurisdictions and obtain independent advice if required. This Presentation is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given, forwarded or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof). Date of the offer: [date of PPM] (i) This offer is made pursuant to Rule 336 issued by the Comisión para el Mercado Financiero of Chile (CMF); (ii) This offer deals with securities that are not registered in the Securities Registry nor in the Foreign Securities Registry kept by the CMF, and that are, therefore, not subject to the supervision of the CMF; (iii) Given that the securities are not registered, there is no obligation for the issuer to disclose in Chile public information about said securities; and (iv) The securities may not be publicly offered as long as they are not registered in the corresponding Securities Registry.

FOR PERU INVESTORS

Specifically, the Fund will not be subject to a public offering in Peru. The Fund described herein have not been and will not be approved by or registered with the Peruvian Superintendency of Capital Markets (Superintendencia del Mercado de Valores, or the "SMV") or the Lima Stock Exchange (Bolsa de Valores de Lima). Accordingly, the Fund may not be offered or sold in Peru except, among others, if such offering is considered a private offer under the securities laws and regulations of Peru. The Fund cannot be offered or sold in Peru or in any other jurisdiction except in compliance with the securities laws thereof. In making an investment decision, institutional investors (as defined by Peruvian law) must rely on their own examination of the terms of the offering of the Fund to determine their ability to invest in the Fund. This Presentation and the information contained herein has been made available in accordance with the restrictions and/or limitations implemented by any applicable laws and regulations. This Presentation is directed at and intended for institutional investors (as such term is defined in each jurisdiction in which the Fund is marketed). This Presentation is provided on a confidential basis for informational purposes only and may not be reproduced in any form. Before acting on any information in this Presentation, prospective investors should inform themselves of and observe all applicable laws, rules and regulations of any relevant jurisdictions and obtain independent advice if required. This Presentation is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given, forwarded or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof).

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF KUWAIT

The offering of interests in the Fund has not been approved or licensed by the Kuwait Capital Markets Authority or any other relevant licensing authorities in the state of Kuwait, and accordingly does not constitute a public offer in the state of Kuwait in accordance with law no. 7 for 2010 regarding the establishment of the Capital Markets Authority and the regulating securities activities ("CMA law"). This pitch book is strictly private and confidential and is being issued to a limited number of professional investors: Who meet the criteria of a professional client by nature as defined in article 2-6 of module 8 of the executive regulations no. 72 of 2015 of the CMA law; Upon their request and confirmation that they understand that the interests have not been approved or licensed by or registered with the Kuwait Capital Markets Authority or any other relevant licensing authorities or governmental agencies in the state of Kuwait; and must not be provided to any person other than the original recipient, and may not be reproduced or used for any other purposes whatsoever.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF ABU DHABI GLOBAL MARKET AND/OR DUBAI INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CENTRE

This pitch book relates to a fund which is not subject to any form of regulation or approval by the Financial Services Regulatory Authority ("FSRA") nor Dubai Financial Services Authority ("DFSA"). This pitch book is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the FSRA's and/or DFSA's rules (i.e. "Professional clients") and, therefore, must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other type of person. This pitch book is for the exclusive use of the persons to whom it is addressed and in connection with the subject matter contained therein. The FSRA and/or DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any pitch book or other documents in connection with this fund. Accordingly, the FSRA and/or DFSA has not approved this pitch book or any other associated documents nor taken any steps to verify the information set out in this pitch book, and has no responsibility for it. The interests to which this pitch book relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers should conduct their own due diligence on the interests. If you do not understand the contents of this document you should consult an authorized financial adviser. Sagard (MENA) Ltd., an affiliate of Sagard, is regulated by the ADGM Financial Services Regulatory Authority (the "FSRA"). To the extent this material is made available to Sagard (MENA) Ltd., the financial products or services to which this material relates will only be made available to Professional Clients or Market Counterparties as such terms are defined by the FSRA and no other person should act upon it.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

As per the rules stated in UAE Securities and Commodities Authority ("SCA") Decision No. (13) of 2021 on the Regulations Manual of the Financial Activities and Status Regularization Mechanisms Rule Book ("SCA Rule Book") and SCA Decision No. (04/RM) of 2023 concerning the promotion of foreign funds, the promotion of a fund to retail investors is prohibited. The promotion of a fund to "professional investors" and "counterparties" within the state ("UAE"), each term as defined in the SCA rule book, shall be limited to only funds that are registered with SCA for marketing on a private placement basis. SCA approval for promotion of a fund in the UAE should not be considered a recommendation by the SCA to invest in the Fund, and the SCA shall not be responsible for any relevant party's failure to perform its functions and duties or for the accuracy of the information contained in the Fund's offering documents. The Fund and the interests have not been approved by or licensed or registered with the UAE Central Bank, the SCA, the Dubai Financial Services Authority, the Financial Services Regulatory Authority or any other relevant licensing authorities or governmental agencies in the UAE (the "authorities"). The authorities assume no liability for any investment that the named addressee makes as a professional investor. This pitch book is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof). The interests may be illiquid or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective investors should conduct their own due diligence on the interests. If you do not understand the contents of this pitch book you should consult an authorised financial advisor.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF BAHRAIN

The central bank of Bahrain, the Bahrain bourse and the ministry of industry and commerce of the kingdom of Bahrain take no responsibility for the accuracy of the statements and information contained in this or the performance of the fund, nor shall they have any liability to any person, investor or otherwise for any loss or damage resulting from reliance on any statements or information contained herein. This pitch book is only intended for accredited investors as defined by the central bank of Bahrain. We have not made and will not make any invitation to the public in the kingdom of Bahrain to subscribe to the interests in the fund and this pitch book will not be issued, passed to, or made available to the public generally. The central bank of Bahrain has not reviewed, nor has it approved, this pitch book or the marketing thereof in the kingdom of Bahrain. The central bank of Bahrain is not responsible for the performance of the fund.

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF SAUDI ARABIA

This pitch book and the information contained herein does not constitute and is not intended to constitute an offer of securities and accordingly should not be construed as such. The Fund and any other products or services referenced in this pitch book may not be licensed in all jurisdictions, and unless otherwise indicated, no regulator or government authority has reviewed this document or the merits of the products and services referenced herein. This pitch book and the information contained herein has been made available in accordance with the restrictions and/or limitations implemented by any applicable laws and regulations. This pitch book is directed at and intended for the persons allowed to receive it under the applicable laws and regulations. This pitch book is provided on a confidential basis for informational purposes only and may not be reproduced in any form. Before acting on any information in this pitch book, prospective investors should inform themselves of and observe all applicable laws, rules and regulations of any relevant jurisdictions and obtain independent advice if required. This pitch book is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given, forwarded or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof).

FOR ISRAEL INVESTORS

Specifically, capitalized terms that are used in the following paragraphs and are not otherwise defined herein, shall have the meaning ascribed to them under the Regulation of Investment Advice, of Investment Marketing, and of Portfolio Management Law, 1995 (the "Investment Advice Law").

This presentation, as well as investment in the Fund described herein, is directed at and intended for Investors that fall within at least one category in each of: (1) the first Schedule of the Israeli Securities Law, 1968 ("Sophisticated Investors"); and (2) the First Schedule of the Investment Advice Law ("Qualified Clients").

No action has been taken or will be taken in Israel that would permit the public offering of the Funds, or distribution of materials that relate to investment therein to the public in Israel. Neither this document, nor any other document that relates to the Fund, has been approved by the Israel Securities Authority.

It is hereby noted that with respect to Qualified Clients, the Marketer is not obliged to comply with the following requirements of the Investment Advice Law: (1) ensuring the compatibility of service to the needs of client; (2) engaging in a written agreement with the client, the content of which is as described in section 13 of the Investment Advice Law; (3) providing the client with appropriate disclosure regarding all matters that are material to a proposed transaction or to the advice given; (4) a prohibition on preferring certain Securities or other Financial Assets; (5) providing disclosure about "extraordinary risks" entailed in a transaction (and obtaining the client's approval of such transactions, if applicable); (6) a prohibition on making Portfolio Management fees conditional upon profits or number of transactions; (7) maintaining records of advisory/discretionary actions.

By receiving this document you hereby declare that you are a Sophisticated Investor and a Qualified Client, that you are aware of the implications of being considered a Sophisticated Investor and a Qualified Client (including the implications mentioned in the above paragraph), and consent thereto. Any Investor which is either: (1) not a Sophisticated Investor; or (2) not a Qualified Client — must immediately return this presentation to: Ittai Dissentshik, 6 Masryk Blvd., Tel-Aviv, Israel. This presentation is for the use of the named addressee only and should not be given, forwarded or shown to any other person (other than employees, agents or consultants in connection with the addressee's consideration thereof). In any case, the Fund shall not be offered or sold to any investor in Israel which is not a Sophisticated Investor.

This presentation is not intended to serve, and should not be treated as Investment Advice or Investment Marketing. Accordingly, the content of this presentation does not replace and should not serve as substitution for Investment Marketing or Investment Advising that take into account the special characteristics and needs of each investor. The Marketer is affiliated with the Fund, has a personal interest in the sale of the Fund and might prefer the Fund over other Financial Assets, due to the fact that the Marketer may receive a financial benefit from the issuer.

OTHER JURISDICTIONS

This document may not be distributed in, and securities may not be offered or sold to investors located in, any other jurisdiction except where such distribution or offer complies with applicable law.

For qualified institutional buyers, accredited, professional and institutional investors only. Not for use by retail clients.